Arrangements whereby the fleet management company charges expenses for maintenance, tires, or other defined services based on actual experience and only when the costs are incurred. Typically, the service suppliers' charges reflect volume discounts negotiated or given by the fleet management company who provides the management controls, while also incorporating the technical expertise of maintenance experts plus bill paying and accounting services. The fleet management company charges a specified fee (usually per period per vehicle enrolled) in addition to the expenses billed to the fleet user.